NECO Livestock Farming OBJ
- C — Fowl and rabbit
- A — Blood
- E — Vas deferens
- C — Dehorning
- E — Weed infestation
- E — Virus
- D — Tapeworm
- A — Alveoli
- B — Create enough space
- A — Farm-level processing
- D — Roughages
- E — Stomach compartments
- B — Iron
- C — Provide energy for daily activity
- D — Paddock the rangeland before grazing
- B — Centrosema pubescens
- C — Overgrazing of the rangeland
- C — Flushing
- D — Piroplasmosis
- D — Tapeworm
- A — Avoid spraying the nose and mouth
- E — Small intestine
- C — Protect the testes
- A — Increases the rate of growth
- A — Forty-two days
- E — Wood shavings
- C — Prevent excessive body fat
- E — Remove the upper layer hairs
- E — Skin
- B — ₦5,000,000
- B — Haemoglobin
- A — Body metabolic activities
- B — Finisher has a lower percentage of protein
- E — Nervousness and convulsion
- A — A well-developed body size
- E — Upgrade the quality of indigenous breeds
- C — It is prevalent in a particular area
- C — The number of susceptible offspring is many
- A — Erratic supply of electricity
- B — Bladder worm
COMPLETED!!!
NECO Livestock Farming Essay
Number 1
(1a)
Functions of the rumen:
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) It stores food temporarily after swallowing.
(ii) It serves as the main chamber for microbial fermentation of food.
(iii) It allows microorganisms to break down cellulose and other fibrous materials.
(iv) It mixes feed with saliva through muscular contractions.
(v) It produces volatile fatty acids which supply energy to the animal.
(vi) It enables the regurgitation of food for rumination or cud chewing.
(vii) It provides a suitable environment for beneficial bacteria and protozoa.
(1b)
Signs of parturition in an ewe:
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) The udder becomes enlarged and filled with milk.
(ii) The vulva becomes swollen and reddish.
(iii) Mucus discharge appears from the vulva.
(iv) The ewe becomes restless and isolates itself from the flock.
(v) The pelvic ligaments become relaxed.
(vi) The abdomen drops as the foetus moves towards the birth canal.
(vii) The ewe frequently lies down and stands up.
(viii) The water bag may appear at the vulva.
(1c)
| Pulmonary circulation | Systemic circulation |
|---|---|
| It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood to the heart. | It carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all parts of the body and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart. |
Number 2
(2a)
Advantages of intensive system over extensive system in pig management:
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Pigs are easier to supervise and manage.
(ii) Diseases and injuries can be detected and treated quickly.
(iii) Feeding can be properly controlled to promote rapid growth.
(iv) Breeding records and production records can be kept accurately.
(v) The pigs are protected from predators, theft and harsh weather.
(vi) There is better control of parasites and disease outbreaks.
(vii) Less land is required for production.
(viii) Manure can be collected easily and used as fertiliser.
(2b)
Management practices carried out in cattle production from weaning to finishing stage:
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Provide balanced feed, clean water and mineral supplements.
(ii) Vaccinate the animals against common cattle diseases.
(iii) Deworm and control external parasites regularly.
(iv) Castrate male calves not required for breeding.
(v) Dehorn the animals where necessary.
(vi) Identify the animals through tagging, branding or tattooing.
(vii) Separate sick animals and treat them promptly.
(viii) Weigh the cattle regularly to monitor growth.
(2c)
Problems associated with marketing animal products in Nigeria:
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Poor transportation facilities: Bad roads and unsuitable vehicles make it difficult to move animals and animal products safely to the market.
(ii) Inadequate storage facilities: Lack of cold rooms and refrigeration causes meat, milk, eggs and other products to spoil quickly.
(iii) Price instability: Prices of animal products fluctuate because of changes in supply, demand and season.
(iv) Activities of middlemen: Too many middlemen may reduce the profit received by livestock farmers.
(v) Poor market information: Farmers may not have accurate information about prices, buyers and market demand.
(vi) Disease restrictions: Outbreaks of livestock diseases may lead to movement bans and rejection of animal products.
(vii) Inadequate processing facilities: Poor slaughterhouses, milk-processing plants and packaging facilities reduce product quality.
(viii) Low purchasing power: Some consumers cannot afford animal products because of their high prices.
Number 3
Number 4
Number 5
(5a)
Drenching is the administration of liquid medicine directly into the mouth of a farm animal with the aid of a drenching gun, bottle or syringe.
It is commonly used for administering dewormers and other oral medications.
(5b)
Stages of disease infection in farm animals:
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Incubation stage: This is the period between the entry of the disease-causing organism into the animal and the appearance of the first symptoms.
(ii) Prodromal stage: Mild and general symptoms such as weakness, loss of appetite and dullness begin to appear.
(iii) Clinical stage: Clear and specific signs of the disease become noticeable, and the animal may become seriously ill.
(iv) Decline stage: The symptoms gradually reduce as the animal begins to overcome the infection.
(v) Convalescent stage: The animal recovers gradually and returns to its normal condition.
(5c)
Economic importance of lice infestation in farm animals:
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) It causes irritation and restlessness, which reduce feeding and growth.
(ii) Blood-sucking lice may cause anaemia and weakness.
(iii) It reduces meat, milk, egg and wool production.
(iv) Scratching damages the skin and lowers the quality and market value of hides.
(v) Farmers spend money on drugs and other control measures.
(vi) Severe infestation may cause death, especially in young animals.
(vii) It reduces feed-conversion efficiency and weight gain.
(viii) Lice may transmit diseases from one animal to another.
(ix) Infested animals may have poor appearance and attract lower market prices.
COMPLETED!!!